What is Equalization?

Equalization (EQ) is an audio processing technique that adjusts the balance between different frequency components within an audio signal. In mixing, EQ is used to balance and shape the sound of individual tracks or groups of tracks, enhance clarity and definition, and address any frequency-related issues in the mix.

Here are some basic steps to get started with EQ in mixing:

1. Identify the problem frequencies: Before applying any EQ, listen to the track carefully and identify if there are any problematic frequencies that need to be reduced or boosted. For example, a track might have an excessive bass boom or a harsh high-end that needs to be addressed.
2. Cut or boost frequencies: Once you’ve identified the problematic frequencies, you can use a graphical equalizer or a parametric equalizer to cut or boost those frequencies. Cutting frequencies will reduce their presence, while boosting will increase them.
3. Use a high-pass filter: A high-pass filter allows high-frequency signals to pass through and cuts off low-frequency signals. You can use it to remove unwanted rumble or low-frequency noise from a track.
4. Use a low-pass filter: A low-pass filter allows low-frequency signals to pass through and cuts off high-frequency signals. You can use it to remove unwanted high-frequency noise or hiss from a track.
5. Be mindful of frequency masking: Be careful when boosting or cutting frequencies as it can cause frequency masking, where one frequency covers up another frequency in the mix.
6. A/B comparison: Use A/B comparison to switch back and forth between the original and processed sound and make sure that the changes you’ve made improve the sound rather than make it worse.

These are the basics of equalization in mixing, but keep in mind that every mix is different, and there are no hard-and-fast rules. The most important thing is to listen carefully and make decisions based on what sounds best for the specific mix you’re working on.